How Cryptocurrency Is Helping the Unbanked in Developing Countries

How Cryptocurrency Is Helping the Unbanked in Developing Countries Oct, 30 2025

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Over 1.4 billion people around the world don’t have a bank account. Many live in rural villages in Africa, South Asia, or Latin America, where the nearest bank branch is a day’s walk away-or doesn’t exist at all. Traditional banks won’t open accounts for them because they don’t have ID papers, steady income, or enough money to meet minimum balance rules. But most of them? They have a smartphone. And that’s where cryptocurrency steps in.

Cryptocurrency doesn’t need a bank

You don’t need a government-issued ID to create a crypto wallet. No credit check. No paperwork. Just download an app, generate a key, and you’re in. That’s it. In Nigeria, where only 58% of adults have bank accounts, over 30% own cryptocurrency. In Kenya, one in five people has used crypto to send or receive money. These aren’t tech elites. These are market vendors, farmers, and mothers sending money home to relatives.

Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies run on blockchain networks. That means there’s no central bank controlling them. No branch manager deciding if you’re ‘trustworthy.’ Transactions happen directly between people, verified by computers around the world. All you need is internet. Even a slow connection works. You don’t need to trust a person-you trust the code.

Remittances that don’t cost a fortune

Think about a worker in South Africa sending money to family in Mozambique. Using Western Union or MoneyGram? They’ll pay up to 12% in fees. For every $100 sent, $12 disappears in charges. That’s $12 less for food, school fees, or medicine.

With crypto? That same $100 transfer costs less than $1. It arrives in minutes, not days. In 2024, over $100 billion in crypto was sent across borders to developing countries. That’s more than what Visa and Mastercard processed in remittances to Africa that year. People aren’t using crypto to gamble or speculate. They’re using it to survive.

When your currency is falling, crypto becomes a lifeline

In Argentina, Venezuela, and Lebanon, local currencies have lost half their value in just a few years. Savings in the bank? Gone. Inflation eats it alive. People there aren’t buying Bitcoin because they think it’ll hit $100,000. They buy it because it’s the only thing that doesn’t melt down.

Bitcoin has a fixed supply-only 21 million will ever exist. That’s different from a government printing more pesos, naira, or leones whenever they need cash. Crypto doesn’t inflate. It holds value. For people who’ve lost trust in their own money, crypto is a way to protect what little they have.

A Kenyan farmer receives crypto payments while standing in his field, with a digital Bitcoin icon glowing above his hand.

But it’s not magic

Crypto isn’t a fix-all. It’s a tool. And tools can break if you don’t use them right.

First, you need internet. In rural parts of India or the Democratic Republic of Congo, mobile data is spotty. Electricity? Sometimes only a few hours a day. Without reliable power and connectivity, crypto wallets are useless. You can’t send money if your phone dies.

Second, security is a nightmare. If you lose your private key-or someone steals it-your money is gone. Forever. No customer service. No ‘forgot password’ button. Many users don’t understand what a private key is. They write it on a piece of paper and leave it on the kitchen counter. That’s like leaving your house key under the mat.

Third, prices swing wildly. A person might buy $50 worth of Bitcoin to save for next month’s rent. If the price drops 30% in a week? That’s $15 gone. For someone living on $2 a day, that’s devastating. Crypto isn’t a savings account. It’s more like investing in stocks-with no safety net.

Who’s actually using it-and why

The biggest users aren’t speculators. They’re people who’ve been left out.

In Nigeria, young entrepreneurs use crypto to buy tools and materials from suppliers in China without going through banks that freeze their accounts for ‘suspicious activity.’ In Ghana, small farmers use tokenized land deeds to get loans from investors overseas. In the Philippines, overseas workers send crypto to their families, who cash it out at local kiosks run by trusted neighbors.

These aren’t abstract ideas. They’re real people doing real things. In Uganda, a woman named Amina started selling cassava flour online. She didn’t have a bank account, so she started accepting Bitcoin. Within six months, she doubled her income. She didn’t need a loan. She didn’t need a business plan. She just needed a phone and a QR code.

People from different countries connect through a digital tree symbolizing crypto-powered access to basic needs.

What governments are doing

Some countries are trying to block crypto. Others are building their own digital currencies.

Nigeria banned crypto payments for banks in 2021, but then launched its own central bank digital currency (CBDC), the eNaira, in 2023. It’s meant to be a safer, government-controlled version of crypto. But adoption? Barely 3%. People still prefer Bitcoin because it’s faster, cheaper, and not tied to the government’s shaky economy.

Ghana, Kenya, and India are testing CBDCs too. But here’s the problem: CBDCs still need ID. They still need banks. They still need trust in the state. Crypto doesn’t.

The real winners? Countries that let crypto exist alongside banks-not instead of them. In El Salvador, Bitcoin is legal tender. People use it for coffee, bus rides, and rent. It’s not perfect. But it’s working for millions who had no other option.

The path forward

Crypto won’t replace banks overnight. But it can give people a bridge until banks catch up.

What’s needed now?

  • Education: Community workshops on how to use wallets safely. Not in English. In Swahili, Yoruba, Tagalog. Simple. Visual. No jargon.
  • Infrastructure: More solar-powered charging stations in villages. Cheaper mobile data plans for crypto apps.
  • Regulation: Clear rules that protect users without killing innovation. No bans. No overcomplicated licenses.
  • Tools: Apps that auto-convert crypto to local currency at the point of sale. So you don’t have to worry about price swings.

It’s not about getting rich

Most people using crypto in developing countries aren’t trying to become millionaires. They’re trying to feed their kids. Pay for medicine. Send money home. Keep their savings from vanishing.

Crypto isn’t about speculation. It’s about access. It’s about dignity. It’s about having control over your own money-no matter where you live, what your ID says, or how much cash you have.

The future of financial inclusion isn’t in more bank branches. It’s in more phones. More connectivity. More freedom.

And right now, cryptocurrency is the only tool that gives that freedom to the people who need it most.

Can cryptocurrency really help people without bank accounts?

Yes. Crypto lets people send, receive, and store money using just a smartphone and internet-no bank account needed. In places where banks are scarce or too expensive, crypto wallets offer a real alternative. Millions in Nigeria, Kenya, and Vietnam are already using it to pay for food, send remittances, and protect savings from inflation.

Is cryptocurrency safe for low-income users?

It can be, but only if users understand basic security. Losing a private key means losing money forever. There’s no recovery option. That’s why education matters. Apps with built-in backup features, simple interfaces, and local-language guides are making crypto safer. Still, it’s riskier than a bank account. People should only use what they can afford to lose.

Why do some governments ban cryptocurrency?

Governments often ban crypto because they lose control over money flow. They can’t tax it easily. They can’t track it. They fear it undermines their currency. But bans rarely stop adoption-they just push it underground. Countries like El Salvador and Nigeria found that regulating crypto, not banning it, leads to better outcomes for citizens and the economy.

Does crypto work in areas with poor internet?

It’s harder, but not impossible. Some apps now let users send crypto via SMS or USSD codes without internet. Transactions are stored and synced when the phone reconnects. Solar-powered charging kiosks and community crypto hubs are also helping in rural areas. Progress is slow, but it’s happening.

Is Bitcoin too volatile to use as money?

For daily spending, volatility is a problem. But many users convert crypto to local currency immediately after receiving it-through apps or local agents. So they never hold Bitcoin long enough to feel the swings. The value isn’t in holding crypto-it’s in using it to move money faster and cheaper than traditional systems.

15 Comments

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    Lena Novikova

    November 1, 2025 AT 05:56

    Crypto is the only thing keeping people alive in places like Nigeria and Kenya and honestly if you're still arguing about volatility you're missing the point
    People aren't using it to get rich they're using it to not starve
    Stop acting like this is a stock market gamble and start seeing it as a survival tool

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    jummy santh

    November 2, 2025 AT 20:52

    As someone from Lagos I can tell you this is not theory this is life
    My aunty sells garri and gets paid in USDT every week
    She doesn't know what blockchain is but she knows her money doesn't disappear when the naira crashes
    Bank? We haven't seen one in 3 years
    Bitcoin is not a trend it is our new water

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    Kirsten McCallum

    November 4, 2025 AT 08:34

    Access isn't freedom if you're just trading one form of exploitation for another.
    At least banks have FDIC.
    Crypto has ghosts.

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    Henry Gómez Lascarro

    November 6, 2025 AT 00:16

    Look I get it you're all excited about this crypto utopia but let's be real here
    Most of these 'users' are just getting scammed by shady Telegram groups selling fake wallets
    And the ones who aren't? They're getting ripped off by price swings that wipe out a month's income in 48 hours
    And don't even get me started on the energy waste
    Bitcoin mining uses more power than Argentina
    So you're telling me we should replace broken banking systems with a decentralized carbon footprint that's basically a crypto pyramid scheme?
    And you call this progress?
    Wake up. This isn't financial inclusion it's financial exploitation dressed up as empowerment.
    Real solutions involve infrastructure investment not gambling with people's last $50.
    And no I'm not a banker I'm just someone who remembers when people actually had to work for money instead of hoping a blockchain fairy would fix their problems.

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    Lawrence rajini

    November 7, 2025 AT 21:51

    This is honestly one of the most hopeful things I've read all year 🙏
    Imagine being able to send money to your mom in another country without paying 12% just to say hi
    And the part about Amina selling cassava flour? That's the future right there
    Phones > banks
    Code > bureaucracy
    And yes the volatility sucks but people are adapting
    Apps are getting smarter
    And the fact that this is happening without permission from some government office? That's the real win
    Keep going 🚀

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    Matt Zara

    November 9, 2025 AT 00:50

    Everyone's got a take but here's the quiet truth
    People don't need crypto to be perfect they just need it to be better than what they have
    And right now? It is
    Yes it's risky
    Yes it's confusing
    But when your savings vanish overnight because your government printed too much money
    What's your other option?
    Nothing
    So let's stop pretending this is about speculation and start helping people use it safely
    Education not bans
    Tools not fear
    That's the path

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    Jean Manel

    November 9, 2025 AT 05:51

    Let's not romanticize desperation.
    Using crypto because your currency is collapsing isn't innovation it's a last resort.
    And let's not pretend the average user understands private keys.
    Most people who 'use crypto' are just holding someone else's seed phrase on a sticky note.
    When the price crashes they lose everything.
    And who gets blamed? The tech.
    Not the system that left them with no choice.
    So no this isn't empowerment.
    This is a bandaid on a hemorrhage.
    And we're all pretending it's a cure.

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    William P. Barrett

    November 10, 2025 AT 15:40

    There's a deeper layer here
    Banking systems were never designed for the poor
    They were designed to control
    Crypto doesn't fix that
    It bypasses it
    And that's why it terrifies institutions
    Not because it's dangerous
    But because it's free
    Freedom isn't pretty
    It's messy
    It's volatile
    It's dangerous
    But it's still freedom
    And sometimes that's enough

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    Cory Munoz

    November 12, 2025 AT 04:42

    I've talked to farmers in Kenya who use crypto to get paid for their maize
    They don't know what blockchain is
    But they know when their phone buzzes with a notification
    They can buy medicine for their child
    That's not magic
    That's dignity
    And yes there are risks
    But we don't fix that by taking away the tool
    We fix it by giving people better tools and better training
    Let's not punish the user for the system's failure

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    Jasmine Neo

    November 12, 2025 AT 21:22

    Oh wow crypto is saving the third world? How convenient
    Meanwhile in the US we're still waiting for the Fed to fix our own banking mess
    And you want us to hand over our financial sovereignty to a decentralized network run by anonymous devs?
    And you think this is more stable than a central bank?
    That's not progress that's colonialism with a blockchain logo
    Also the energy usage is criminal
    And you call this ethical?
    Wake up. This is tech bro fantasy dressed up as humanitarianism.
    Real aid doesn't require a wallet.

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    Ron Murphy

    November 13, 2025 AT 00:21

    The CBDC vs crypto debate is a false binary
    Both are tools
    CBDCs give governments control
    Crypto gives individuals autonomy
    The real issue isn't which one wins
    It's whether we're building systems that serve people or systems that serve power
    And right now crypto is the only one that doesn't require permission

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    Prateek Kumar Mondal

    November 14, 2025 AT 22:56

    In rural India we use USSD crypto apps with no internet
    Send money with *99#
    Get paid in crypto
    Cash out at local shop
    Simple
    No app needed
    Just phone and trust
    And yes it works
    People are not tech geniuses
    They're just trying to live

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    Nick Cooney

    November 16, 2025 AT 06:06

    Wow. So we're celebrating a system where people lose their life savings because they wrote their private key on a napkin?
    And you call that 'dignity'?
    That's not empowerment that's negligence wrapped in a blockchain hoodie
    And the fact that people are using it doesn't make it right
    It just means the alternatives are worse
    Which is tragic
    But doesn't make crypto a solution
    Just the least terrible option
    And that's not something to cheer for
    It's something to fix

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    Clarice Coelho Marlière Arruda

    November 18, 2025 AT 03:36

    my cousin in ghana just sent me 20 bucks in usdt and i got it in 2 mins
    no fees
    no waiting
    and she didn't even know what a blockchain was
    just tapped send
    and i tapped receive
    weird right?
    but it worked

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    Brian Collett

    November 20, 2025 AT 01:02

    What's the biggest barrier to crypto adoption in rural areas? Not internet. Not even phones.
    It's trust.
    People don't trust the tech.
    They trust their neighbor who cashes out for them.
    That's why local agents and community kiosks are the real innovation.
    Not the blockchain.
    The human network behind it.

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